Koi Herpes Virus short for KHV is a deadly virus , which can cause 80-100 percent mortality in common carp. The first outbreak of Koi Herpes Virus was reported in 1998 and confirmed in 1999 in Israel. Since then, other cases have been confirmed in the United States, Europe and Asia as well.

The signs of KHV often non-specific. You need to monitor your Koi Fish, if your Koi remains near the surface, swims lethargically, exhibits respiratory distress, has gill lesions, has gill mottling with red and white patches, bleeding gills, has sunken eyes, pale patches or blisters on the skin and uncoordinated swimming. The KHV seems to spread in the same ways as most herpes viruses: direct contact with infected fish, with fluids from infected fish, and/or with water or mud from infected systems. Once a fish has been exposed to the virus, it will always be a carrier. There is no known cure for Koi Herpes Virus. Mortality related to Koi Herpes Virus typically occurs between 18°C and 27°C. Almost no mortalities occur below 18°C, and there has been no reported occurrence of the disease above 30°C.

How do you know your Koi Fish has KHV? You need the assistance of a fish health specialist and a fish disease diagnostic laboratory. There are direct and indirect methods.

Direct methods include: virus isolation and identification (it means growing the virus or not) and PCR techniques (it means testing for the presence of KHV genes).

Indirect tests for KHV include ELISA testing, which looks for antibodies produced by the fish against the herpes virus These testing method can give proof that a fish was infected with KHV. This indirect test cannot determine if the fish is still infected with virus, so it is not recommended as a primary diagnostic tool.

As I mentioned there is no known treatment for KHV and the mortality is very high. If your Koi fish have been diagnosed with Koi Herpes Virus unfortunatelly, you have not got other choice than depopulation (it means eliminating the entire population). This approach should be followed by disinfection of all materials and systems that have contacted the infected fish.

Stéfan
koi carp

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• Learn About Your Fish From An Expert In The Field. Dr. Eric Johnson DVM
• Lots of Full-Color Pictures + Many Helpful Drawings on Koi Fish Health
• Easy Reading, A Must Have For Pond Owners!
• Learn how to diagnose fish problems and the recommended treatments to save your ailing fish
• Quick reference chart to fish problems on the rear cover

Product Description
Koi Health and Disease – By Dr. Eric Johnson DVM Dr. Johnson is recognized and one of the world leading experts of fish health. This book will take you thought the diagnosis of fish problems and the associated treatments. He has written this book so the average pond owner would be able to follow his instructions to bring a sick fish back to good health. We keep a copy of this book in each of our service trucks for reference for our employees who work on ponds on a d… More >>

Aquascape – Koi Health and Disease – By Dr. Eric Johnson

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A Koi’s health depends on the environment provided by you, the koi pond owner. Koi fish have a high resistance generally, but the stressful conditions can break down the immune system, as in humans. A stressed koi fish becomes sick. Prevention is much more easier than treating your koi fish.

Some causes of stress are: high ammonia level in the water,low dissolved oxygen level in the koi pond, not proper handling of koi fish , moving koi fish, poor water quality, too much koi in the pond, parasites, too high or low water temperature, toxic chemicals, sharp edges in and around pond and not proper nutrition.

Disease can be: bacterial, viral, fungal and can caused by parasites also.

Bacterial koi disease can be: Flexibacter Columnaris (fin and tail rot), Aeromonas (hole-in-the-side), Pseudomonas or Vibrio.

One of the principal causes of fish mortality is bacterial disease. Treatment: acriflavin, nitrofurans, oxytetracycline, kanamycin, chloramphenicol, sulfanomides, salt, and so on.

Viral koi diseases can be: unfortunately there is no effective treatment except to remove growths by scraping.

Fungal koi diseases may occur as a secondary infection near some other fish injury. Affects damaged or disturbed fish eggs. Some known treatment: acriflavin, iodine, malachite green, methylene blue, salt or formalin as a bath.

Parasitic koi diseases can be the followings: Lernaea (anchor worm), Argulus (fish lice), Monogenetic Flukes, Ich, Trichophyra or internal parasites.

Most fish carry some parasites. Stress situations or seasonal climatic variations may bring on infection. Treatment: Dylox, Masoten, Demilin, Formalin, Malachite Green, potassium permanganate or salt in the whole koi pond or in a bath.

We can use some chemical treatments as external swabbing, injection, feed or bath in disinfectants 30 to 60 minutes.

External swabbing with antibiotics and/or disinfectants can be very effective.

Partial water changes are very effective also in improving water quality and decreasing stress. You need to use it wisely.

keeping koi

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Koi disease is a huge disaster to any Koi owner. I am writing this article today to help inform people about Koi disease.

If you keep Koi yourself then you are likely very protective about your Koi because they are great creatures to be around so the last thing we want is for them to get a Koi disease and to die.

So when it comes to keeping your Koi healthy and disease free you probably already know that your Koi need clean water.

In the wild Koi have more space so that if one part of the water gets a bit dirty they can move on but in smaller ponds they dont have that option so its important to give them good clean oxygenated water.

It may interest you to know that if your pon water is not up to standards then your Koi could get parasites.

The next important aspect of preventing Koi disease is that your Koi have the right sized pond.

In my opinion a Koi pond shouldnt be less than 3 feet deep and the pond should be at least 1000 to 2000 gallons, this will ensure that you Koi have enough space to move around.

The more fish you have in the pond the more likely there will be some sort of Koi disease so if your Koi pond is 2000 gallons I would recommend having no more than 10 Koi in there.

When it comes to Koi disease most diseases fall into one of three categories. Virus, parasite and bacterial disease.

When it comes to symptoms that there is something wrong your look out for unbalanced Koi, Koi not eating and Koi that are rubbing against pond objects.

Some other symptoms that there may be something wrong with your Koi is that they are losing their colour, they might have swollen eyes, or they may be losing weight.

If you notice any of the symptoms listed then there is a chance that your Koi have parasites but as they are so small we can’t see them so you will have to get your Koi checked under a microscope.

It’s not nice to know that some Koi diseases will wipe out Koi very quickly with hardly any symptoms, although this is quite rare.

Hopefully this wont ever happen to you. If you keep a clean healthy pond you will reduce the chances of Koi disease.

jcolman
koi

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